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Evokation
  
 
Index
  

 

A

MAZE

IN

ZAZAZA ENTER ZAZAZA

ZAZAZAZAZAZAZAAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ

ZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZAZ

THE

MAGICALALPHABET

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZZYXWVUTSRQPONMLKJIHGFEDCBA

 12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262625242322212019181716151413121110987654321

 

 

WORK DAYS OF GOD

Herbert W Morris D.D.circa 1883

Page 22

"As all the words in the English language are composed out of the twenty-six letters of the alphabet,.."

 

 

LIGHT AND LIFE

Lars Olof Bjorn 1976

Page 197

"By writing the 26 letters of the alphabet in a certain order one may put down almost any message (this book 'is written with the same letters' as the Encyclopaedia Britannica and Winnie the Pooh, only the order of the letters differs). In the same way Nature is able to convey with her language how a cell and a whole organism is to be constructed and how it is to function. Nature has succeeded better than we humans; for the genetic code there is only one universal language which is the same in a man, a bean plant and a bacterium."

"BY WRITING THE 26 LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET IN A CERTAIN ORDER

ONE MAY PUT DOWN ALMOST ANY MESSAGE"

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
-
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
I
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
9
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
ME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
9
18
9
18
9
18
9
18
9
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
=
9
=
9
=
9
=
9
=
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
1

 

 

"BY WRITING THE 26 LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET IN A CERTAIN ORDER

ONE MAY PUT DOWN ALMOST ANY MESSAGE"

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

 

 

A

HISTORY OF GOD

Karen Armstrong

The God of the Mystics

Page 250

"(The Book of Creation). There is no attempt to describe the creative process realistically; the account is unashamedly symbolic and shows God creating the world by means of language as though he were writing a book. But language has been entirely transformed and the message of creation is no longer clear. Each letter of the Hebrew alphabet is given a numerical value; by combining the letters with the sacred numbers, rearranging them in endless configurations, the mystic weaned his mind away from the normal connotations of words."  

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
-
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
I
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
9
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
ME
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 -
-
-
-
-
-
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
9
18
9
18
9
18
9
18
9
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
1+8
=
=
9
=
9
=
9
=
9
=
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
1
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
I
ME
1

 

 

THERE IS NO ATTEMPT MADE TO DESCRIBE THE CREATIVE PROCESS REALISTICALLY

THE ACCOUNT IS SYMBOLIC AND SHOWS GOD CREATING THE WORLD BY MEANS OF LANGUAGE

AS THOUGH WRITING A BOOK BUT LANGUAGE ENTIRELY TRANSFORMED

THE MESSAGE OF CREATION IS CLEAR EACH LETTER OF

THE

ALPHABET

IS

GIVEN

A

NUMERICAL

VALUE BY COMBINING THE LETTERS WITH THE SACRED NUMBERS

REARRANGING THEM IN ENDLESS CONFIGURATIONS

THE MYSTIC WEANED THE MIND AWAY FROM THE NORMAL CONNOTATIONS OF WORDS

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

 

 

FINGERPRINTS OF THE GODS

A QUEST FOR THE BEGINNING AND THE END

Graham Hancock 1995

Chapter 32

Speaking to the Unborn

Page 285

"It is understandable that a huge range of myths from all over the ancient world should describe geological catastrophes in graphic detail. Mankind survived the horror of the last Ice Age, and the most plausible source for our enduring traditions of flooding and freezing, massive volcanism and devastating earthquakes is in the tumultuous upheavals unleashed during the great meltdown of 15,000 to 8000 BC. The final retreat of the ice sheets, and the consequent 300-400 foot rise in global sea levels, took place only a few thousand years before the beginning of the historical period. It is therefore not surprising that all our early civilizations should have retained vivid memories of the vast cataclysms that had terrified their forefathers.
Much harder to explain is the peculiar but distinctive way the myths of cataclysm seem to bear the intelligent imprint of a guiding hand.l Indeed the degree of convergence between such ancient stories is frequently remarkable enough to raise the suspicion that they must all have been 'written' by the same 'author'.
Could that author have had anything to do with the wondrous deity, or superhuman, spoken of in so many of the myths we have reviewed, who appears immediately after the world has been shattered by a horrifying geological catastrophe and brings comfort and the gifts of civilization to the shocked and demoralized survivors?
White and bearded, Osiris is the Egyptian manifestation of this / Page 286 / universal figure, and it may not be an accident that one of the first acts he is remembered for in myth is the abolition of cannibalism among the primitive inhabitants of the Nile Valley.2 Viracocha, in South America, was said to have begun his civilizing mission immediately after a great flood; Quetzalcoatl, the discoverer of maize, brought the benefits of crops, mathematics, astronomy and a refined culture to Mexico after the Fourth Sun had been overwhelmed by a destroying deluge.
Could these strange myths contain a record of encounters between scattered palaeolithic tribes which survived the last Ice Age and an as yet unidentified high civilization which passed through the same epoch?
And could the myths be attempts to communicate?

A message in the bottle of time"

'Of all the other stupendous inventions,' Galileo once remarked,

what sublimity of mind must have been his who conceived how to communicate his most secret thoughts to any other person, though very distant either in time or place, speaking with those who are in the Indies, speaking to those who are not yet born, nor shall be this thousand or ten thousand years? And with no greater difficulty than the various arrangements of two dozen little signs on paper? Let this be the seal of all the admirable inventions of men.3

If the 'precessional message' identified by scholars like Santillana, von Dechend and Jane Sellers is indeed a deliberate attempt at communication by some lost civilization of antiquity, how come it wasn't just written down and left for us to find? Wouldn't that have been easier than encoding it in myths? Perhaps.
Nevertheless, suppose that whatever the message was written on got destroyed or worn away after many thousands of years? Or suppose that the language in which it was inscribed was later forgotten utterly (like the enigmatic Indus Valley script, which has been studied closely for more than half a century but has so far resisted all attempts at decoding)? It must be obvious that in such circumstances a written / Page 287 / legacy to the future would be of no value at all, because nobody would be able to make sense of it.
What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them - and the city of Teotihuacan may be the calling-card of a lost civilization written in the eternal language of mathematics.
Geodetic data, related to the exact positioning of fixed geographical points and to the shape and size of the earth, would also remain valid and recognizable for tens of thousands of years, and might be most conveniently expressed by means of cartography (or in the construction of giant geodetic monuments like the Great Pyramid of Egypt, as we shall see).
Another 'constant' in our solar system is the language of time: the great but regular intervals of time calibrated by the inch-worm creep of precessional motion. Now, or ten thousand years in the future, a message that prints out numbers like 72 or 2160 or 4320 or 25,920 should be instantly intelligible to any civilization that has evolved a modest talent for mathematics and the ability to detect and measure the almost imperceptible reverse wobble that the sun appears to make along the ecliptic against the background of the fixed stars..."

"What one would look for, therefore, would be a universal language, the kind of language that would be comprehensible to any technologically advanced society in any epoch, even a thousand or ten thousand years into the future. Such languages are few and far between, but mathematics is one of them"

"WRITTEN IN THE ETERNAL LANGUAGE OF MATHEMATICS"

 

 

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

 

 

 

 

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
1+1
1+2
1+3
1+4
1+5
1+6
1+7
1+8
1+9
2+0
2+1
2+2
2+3
2+4
2+5
2+6
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z

 

 

THE

FAR YONDER SCRIBE

AND OFT TIMES SHADOWED SUBSTANCES WATCHED IN SOME AMAZE

THE

ZED ALIZ ZED

IN

SWIFT REPEAT SCATTER STAR DUST AMONGST THE LETTERS OF THEIR PROGRESS

 

 

NUMBER

9

THE SEARCH FOR THE SIGMA CODE

Cecil Balmond 1998

Cycles and Patterns

Page 165

Patterns

"The essence of mathematics is to look for patterns.

Our minds seem to be organised to search for relationships and sequences. We look for hidden orders.

These intuitions seem to be more important than the facts themselves, for there is always the thrill at finding something, a pattern, it is a discovery - what was unknown is now revealed. Imagine looking up at the stars and finding the zodiac!

Searching out patterns is a pure delight.

Suddenly the counters fall into place and a connection is found, not necessarily a geometric one, but a relationship between numbers, pictures of the mind, that were not obvious before. There is that excitement of finding order in something that was otherwise hidden.

And there is the knowledge that a huge unseen world lurks behind the facades we see of the numbers themselves."

 

 

-
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
-
-
-
3
THE
33
15
6
7
RAINBOW
82
37
1
5
LIGHT
56
29
2
15
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
171
81
9
1+5
-
1+7+1
8+1
-
6
THE RAINBOW LIGHT
9
9
9

 

 

3
3
-
A+B+C
6
6
6
2
-
2
D+E
9
9
9
3
3
-
F+G+H
21
21
3
1
-
1
I
9
9
9
3
3
-
J+K+L
33
6
6
2
-
2
M+N
27
9
9
2
2
-
O+P
31
13
4
3
-
3
QRS
54
18
9
3
-
3
TUV
63
9
9
3
-
3
WXY
72
18
9
1
1
-
Z
26
8
8
26
12
14
First Total
351
126
81
2+6
1+2
1+4
Add to Reduce
3+5+1
1+2+6
8+1
8
3
5
Reduce to Deduce
9
9
9

 

 

3
A+B+C
6
6
6
-
D+E
-
-
-
3
F+G+H
21
21
3
-
I
-
-
-
3
J+K+L
33
6
6
-
M+N
-
-
-
2
O+P
31
13
4
-
QRS
-
-
-
-
TUV
-
-
-
-
WXY
-
-
-
1
Z
26
8
8
12
First Total
117
54
27
2+6
Add to Reduce
1+1+7
5+4
2+7
8
Reduce to Deduce
9
9
9

 

 

-
A+B+C
-
-
-
2
D+E
9
9
9
-
F+G+H
-
-
-
1
I
9
9
9
-
J+K+L
-
-
-
2
M+N
27
9
9
-
O+P
-
-
-
3
QRS
54
18
9
3
TUV
63
9
9
3
WXY
72
18
9
-
Z
-
-
-
14
First Total
234
72
54
1+4
Add to Reduce
2+3+4
7+2
5+4
5
Reduce to Deduce
9
9
9

 

4

ZERO

64

28

1
3

ONE
34
16
7
3

TWO
58
13
4
5

THREE
56
29
2
4

FOUR
60
24
6
4

FIVE
42
24
6
3

SIX
52
16
7
5

SEVEN
65
20
2
5

EIGHT
49
31
4
4

NINE
42
24
6
40
-
522
225
45
4+0
-
5+2+2
2+2+5
4+5
4
-
9
9
9

 

ADVENT 637 ADVENT

 

 

THE, RIVER, OF, PARADISE
PISHON RIVER, P, I, SH, ON, RIVER, R, I, VE, R
PISHON, RIVER
PARADISE
THE GARDEN OF EDEN
ADAM AND EVE, PARADISE, PARADE,
EYES, IN, THE, GARDEN, OF NEED
NEED, EDEN
TO, BEGIN, AT, THE, BEGINNING
SO, TO, BEGIN, AT, THE, BEGINNING
CAIN, AND ABEL
LIGHT MOTION TIME
LIGHT MOTION TIME
OASIS, DESERT
DESERTS, DESERT, RED, SET, DESERT
OASIS
GOLD
RED, BLACK
KARNAK
BABA, ABBA
ENOCH
ELIJAH
DANIEL
MEDINET HABU, ME, DIN, ETHAB, U
MEDINET HABU, ME, D, I, N, ET, HA, BU
OSIRIS SOKAR, OSIRIS, SOKAR
PTAH
ATUM, A, MUT, MUTA
MUT
NEFERTARI, RAMESSES
RAMESSES
RED, HAIR

 

 

-
PISHON RIVER
-
-
-
1
P
16
7
7
1
I
9
9
9
2
S+H
27
18
9
2
O+N
29
11
2
-
RIVER
-
-
-
1
R
18
9
9
1
I
9
9
9
2
V+E
27
9
9
1
R
18
9
9
11
PISHON RIVER
153
81
63
1+1
-
1+5+3
8+1
6+3
2
PISHON RIVER
9
9
9

 

 

6
PISHON
81
36
9
5
RIVER
72
36
9
11
Add to Reduce
153
72
18
1+1
Reduce to Deduce
1+5+3
7+2
1+8
2
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
5
RIVER
72
36
9
2
OF
21
12
3
8
PARADISE
73
37
1
18
First Total
199
100
19
1+8
Add to Reduce
1+9+9
1+0+0
1+9
9
Second Total
19
1
10
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+9
-
-
9
Third Total
10
1
1
-
Add to Reduce
1+0
-
-
9
Essence of Number
1
1
1

 

"THE GARDEN OF EDEN" in the KJV Bible

King James Bible Online
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org › The_Garden_...
Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the .

"THE GARDEN OF EDEN" in the KJV Bible

King James Bible Online
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org › The_Garden_...
Thou hast been in Eden the garden of God; every precious stone was thy covering, the sardius, topaz, and the diamond, the beryl, the onyx, and the jasper, the .

Genesis 2:10-14 ESV / 95 helpful votes
A river flowed out of Eden to water the garden, and there it divided and became four rivers. The name of the first is the Pishon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Havilah, where there is gold. And the gold of that land is good; bdellium and onyx stone are there. The name of the second river is the Gihon. It is the one that flowed around the whole land of Cush. And the name of the third river is the Tigris, which flows east of Assyria. And the fourth river is the Euphrates.

Genesis 2:8 ESV / 92 helpful votes
And the Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed.

Genesis 2:15 ESV / 63 helpful votes
The Lord God took the man and put him in the garden of Eden to work it and keep it.

Genesis 2:1-25 ESV / 55 helpful votes
Thus the heavens and the earth were finished, and all the host of them. And on the seventh day God finished his work that he had done, and he rested on the seventh day from all his work that he had done. So God blessed the seventh day and made it holy, because on it God rested from all his work that he had done in creation. These are the generations of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day that the Lord God made the earth and the heavens. When no bush of the field was yet in the land and no small plant of the field had yet sprung up—for the Lord God had not caused it to rain on the land, and there was no man to work the ground, ...

Isaiah 51:3 ESV / 47 helpful votes
For the Lord comforts Zion; he comforts all her waste places and makes her wilderness like Eden, her desert like the garden of the Lord; joy and gladness will be found in her, thanksgiving and the voice of song.

Genesis 2:4-3:24 ESV / 45 helpful votes
These are the generations of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day that the Lord God made the earth and the heavens. When no bush of the field was yet in the land and no small plant of the field had yet sprung up—for the Lord God had not caused it to rain on the land, and there was no man to work the ground, and a mist was going up from the land and was watering the whole face of the ground— then the Lord God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature. And the Lord God planted a garden in Eden, in the east, and there he put the man whom he had formed. ...

Genesis 2:9 ESV / 42 helpful votes
And out of the ground the Lord God made to spring up every tree that is pleasant to the sight and good for food. The tree of life was in the midst of the garden, and the tree of the knowledge of good and evil.

Genesis 3:24 ESV / 40 helpful votes
He drove out the man, and at the east of the garden of Eden he placed the cherubim and a flaming sword that turned every way to guard the way to the tree of life.

Genesis 3:22 ESV / 33 helpful votes
Then the Lord God said, “Behold, the man has become like one of us in knowing good and evil. Now, lest he reach out his hand and take also of the tree of life and eat, and live forever—”

Genesis 3:1-24 ESV / 32 helpful votes
Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?” And the woman said to the serpent, “We may eat of the fruit of the trees in the garden, but God said, ‘You shall not eat of the fruit of the tree that is in the midst of the garden, neither shall you touch it, lest you die.’” But the serpent said to the woman, “You will not surely die. For God knows that when you eat of it your eyes will be opened, and you will be like God, knowing good and evil.” ...

Genesis 3:8 ESV / 31 helpful votes
And they heard the sound of the Lord God walking in the garden in the cool of the day, and the man and his wife hid themselves from the presence of the Lord God among the trees of the garden.

Genesis 3:1 ESV / 30 helpful votes
Now the serpent was more crafty than any other beast of the field that the Lord God had made. He said to the woman, “Did God actually say, ‘You shall not eat of any tree in the garden’?”

Revelation 2:7 ESV / 29 helpful votes
He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. To the one who conquers I will grant to eat of the tree of life, which is in the paradise of God.’

Joel 2:3 ESV / 29 helpful votes
Fire devours before them, and behind them a flame burns. The land is like the garden of Eden before them, but behind them a desolate wilderness, and nothing escapes them.

Genesis 2:25 ESV / 28 helpful votes
And the man and his wife were both naked and were not ashamed.

Revelation 12:9 ESV / 25 helpful votes
And the great dragon was thrown down, that ancient serpent, who is called the devil and Satan, the deceiver of the whole world—he was thrown down to the earth, and his angels were thrown down with him.

Ezekiel 28:13 ESV / 24 helpful votes
You were in Eden, the garden of God; every precious stone was your covering, sardius, topaz, and diamond, beryl, onyx, and jasper, sapphire, emerald, and carbuncle; and crafted in gold were your settings and your engravings. On the day that you were created they were prepared.

Genesis 2:7 ESV / 23 helpful votes Helpful Not Helpful
Then the Lord God formed the man of dust from the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living creature.

Genesis 3:23 ESV / 22 helpful votes
Therefore the Lord God sent him out from the garden of Eden to work the ground from which he was taken.

Genesis 2:17 ESV / 22 helpful votes
But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat of it you shall surely die.”

Revelation 22:2 ESV / 21 helpful votes
Through the middle of the street of the city; also, on either side of the river, the tree of life with its twelve kinds of fruit, yielding its fruit each month. The leaves of the tree were for the healing of the nations.

 

 

PARADISE

THE

GARDEN OF EDEN

PARADE EYES IN THE GARDEN OF NEED

 

 

-
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
-
+
=
10
1+0
=
1
-
1
-
1
-
`-
-
-
-
-
-
9
19
-
+
=
28
2+8
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
-
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
1
9
1
4
-
-
5
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
-
9
-
9
-
`-
16
1
18
1
4
-
-
5
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
9
-
9
-
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
`-
16
1
18
1
4
9
19
5
+
=
73
7+3
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
-
-
7
1
9
1
4
9
1
5
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
-
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
3
=
3
-
3
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
-
4
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
-
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
-
7
8
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
19
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
26
-
-
8
-
37
-
28
1+9
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
2+6
-
-
-
-
3+7
-
2+8
10
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
10
-
10
1+0
-
7
1
9
1
4
9
1
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
1
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
1
-
1

 

 

8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
-
+
=
10
1+0
=
1
-
1
-
1
`-
-
-
-
-
-
9
19
-
+
=
28
2+8
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
7
1
9
1
4
-
-
5
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
-
9
-
9
`-
16
1
18
1
4
-
-
5
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
9
-
9
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
`-
16
1
18
1
4
9
19
5
+
=
73
7+3
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
-
7
1
9
1
4
9
1
5
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
-
1
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
1
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
3
=
3
-
3
--
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
-
4
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
-
5
--
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
-
7
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
2
=
18
1+8
9
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
26
-
-
8
-
37
-
28
-
-
-
9
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
2+6
-
-
-
-
3+7
-
2+8
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
10
-
10
-
7
1
9
1
4
9
1
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
-
1+0
8
P
A
R
A
D
I
S
E
-
-
8
-
-
8
-
1
-
1

 

 

3
THE
33
15
6
6
GARDEN
49
31
4
2
OF
21
12
3
4
EDEN
28
19
1
15
First Total
131
77
14
1+5
Add to Reduce
1+3+1
7+7
1+4
6
Second Total
5
14
5
-
Reduce to Deduce
-
1+4
-
6
Essence of Number
5
5
5

 

 

-
15
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
5
+
=
53
5+3
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
14
-
15
-
-
-
-
-
14
+
=
80
8+0
=
8
=
8
=
8
-
15
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
5
-
7
1
9
4
5
-
-
-
6
-
5
4
5
-
+
=
24
2+4
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
-
20
-
5
-
7
1
18
4
5
-
-
-
6
-
5
4
5
-
+
=
51
5+1
=
6
=
6
=
6
-
15
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
20
8
5
-
7
19
18
4
5
14
-
15
6
-
5
4
5
14
+
=
131
1+3+1
=
5
=
5
=
5
=
-
2
8
5
-
7
1
9
4
5
5
-
6
6
-
5
4
5
5
+
=
77
7+7
=
14
1+4
5
=
5
-
15
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
5
5
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
6
=
30
3+0
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
2
=
12
1+2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
=
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
=
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
=
9
3
15
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
42
-
-
15
-
77
-
41
-
1+5
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4+2
-
-
1+5
-
7+7
-
4+1
3
6
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
14
-
5
-
-
2
8
5
-
7
1
9
4
5
5
-
6
6
-
5
4
5
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+4
-
-
3
6
T
H
E
-
G
A
R
D
E
N
-
O
F
-
E
D
E
N
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
5
-
5

 

 

A
=
1
-
10
ADAM AND EVE
70
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P
=
7
-
8
PARADISE
73
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P
=
7
-
6
PARADE
45
27
9
E
=
5
-
4
EYES
54
18
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
I
=
9
-
2
IN
23
14
5
T
=
2
-
3
THE
33
15
6
G
=
7
-
6
GARDEN
49
31
4
O
=
6
-
2
OF
21
12
3
N
=
5
-
4
NEED
28
19
1
-
-
29
4
17
First Total
253
91
19
-
-
2+9
-
1+7
Add to Reduce
2+5+3
9+1
1+9
-
-
11
-
8
Second Total
10
10
10
-
-
1+1
4
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+0
1+0
1+0
-
-
2
-
8
Essence of Number
1
1
1

 

 

4
NEED
28
19
1
4
EDEN
28
19
1

 

 

2
TO
35
8
8
5
BEGIN
37
28
1
2
AT
21
12
3
3
THE
33
15
6
9
BEGINNING
81
54
9
21
Add to Reduce
207
117
27
2+1
Reduce to Deduce
2+0+7
1+1+7
2+7
3
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

2
SO
35
8
8
2
TO
35
8
8
5
BEGIN
37
28
1
2
AT
21
12
3
3
THE
33
15
6
9
BEGINNING
81
54
9
23
Add to Reduce
242
125
35
2+3
Reduce to Deduce
2+4+2
1+2+5
3+5
5
Essence of Number
8
8
8

 

 

4
CAIN
27
18
9
3
AND
19
10
1
4
ABEL
20
11
2
11
First Total
66
39
12
1+1
Add to Reduce
6+6
3+0
1+2
2
Second Total
12
3
3
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+2
-
-
2
Essence of Number
3
3
3

 

 

L
=
3
5
LIGHT
56
29
2
T
=
2
4
TIME
47
20
2
M
=
4
6
MOTION
86
32
5
-
-
9
15
First Total
189
81
9
-
-
-
 1+5
Add to Reduce
1+8+9
8+1
-
Q
-
9
6
Second Total
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
Reduce to Deduce
1+8
-
-
-
-
9
6
Essence of Number
9
9
9

 

 

-
15
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
8
-
-
6
-
9
6
5
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
52
5+2
=
7
-
7
-
7
-
-
-
9
-
8
-
-
-
15
-
9
15
14
-
-
9
-
-
+
=
79
7+9
=
16
1+6
7
-
7
-
15
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
7
-
2
-
4
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
-
4
5
+
=
29
2+9
=
11
1+1
2
-
2
-
-
12
-
7
-
20
-
13
-
20
-
-
-
-
20
-
13
5
+
=
110
1+1+0
=
2
-
2
-
2
-
15
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
9
7
8
20
-
13
15
20
9
15
14
-
20
9
13
5
+
=
189
1+8+9
=
18
1+8
9
-
9
-
-
3
9
7
8
2
-
4
6
2
9
6
5
-
2
9
4
5
+
=
81
8+1
=
9
-
9
-
9
-
15
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
--
--
-
--
--
--
1
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
3
=
6
-
6
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
--
--
-
--
--
--
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
2
=
8
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
occurs
x
2
=
10
1+0
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
occurs
x
2
=
12
1+2
3
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
--
--
-
--
--
--
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
--
--
--
--
--
--
--
-
--
--
-
--
--
--
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
-
8
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
3
=
27
2+7
9
1
15
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
44
-
-
15
-
81
-
45
-
1+5
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
4+4
-
-
1+5
-
8+1
-
4+5
1
6
L
I
G
H
T
-
M
O
T
I
O
N
-
T
I
M
E
-
-
5
-
-
6
-
9
-
9

 

 

5
OASIS
63
18
9
6
DESERT
71
26
8

 

 

7
DESERTS
90
27
9
-
DESERT
-
-
-
3
RED
27
18
9
3
SET
44
17
8
6
DESERT
71
35
17
-
-
7+1
3+5
1+7
6
DESERT
8
8
8

 

 

5
OASIS
63
18
9

 

 

4
GOLD
38
20
2

 

 

3
RED
27
18
9
5
BLACK
29
11
2

 

 

-
KARNAK
-
-
-
2
K+A
12
3
3
2
R+N
32
14
5
2
A+K
12
3
3
6
KARNAK
56
20
11
-
-
5+6
2+0
1+1
6
KARNAK
11
2
2
-
-
1+1
-
-
6
KARNAK
2
2
2

 

 

-
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
+
=
5
-
=
5
=
5
-
`-
-
-
-
14
-
-
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
-
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
9
-
1
2
+
=
15
1+5
=
6
=
6
-
`-
11
1
18
-
1
11
+
=
42
4+2
=
6
=
6
-
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
11
1
18
14
1
11
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
-
-
2
1
9
5
1
2
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
-
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
THREE
3
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
FOUR
4
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
28
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
17
-
-
6
-
20
2+8
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
2+0
10
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
8
-
-
6
-
2
1+0
-
2
1
9
5
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
8
-
-
6
-
2

 

 

6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
+
=
5
-
=
5
=
5
`-
-
-
-
14
-
-
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
1
9
-
1
2
+
=
15
1+5
=
6
=
6
`-
11
1
18
-
1
11
+
=
42
4+2
=
6
=
6
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
11
1
18
14
1
11
+
=
56
5+6
=
11
1+1
2
-
2
1
9
5
1
2
+
=
20
2+0
=
2
=
2
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
2
=
2
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
2
=
4
--
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
1
=
5
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
17
-
-
6
-
20
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
-
-
-
-
2+0
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
8
-
-
6
-
2
-
2
1
9
5
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
K
A
R
N
A
K
-
-
8
-
-
6
-
2

 

 

B
=
2
4
BABA
6
6
6
A
=
1
4
ABBA
6
6
6

 

 

Enoch (ancestor of Noah)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Saint Enoch the Patriarch

God took Enoch, as in Genesis 5:24: "And Enoch walked with God, and he was no longer, for God had taken him" (JP),[1] illustration from the 1728 Figures de la Bible; illustrated by Gerard Hoet

Antediluvian Patriarch

Honored in
Armenian Apostolic Church
Armenian Catholic Church
Enochian Christian sects (see John Dee)
IslamEnoch (ancestor of Noah) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

 

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enoch_(ancestor_of_Noah)‎

 

Enoch (Hebrew: חֲנוֹךְ, Modern H̱anokh Tiberian Ḥănōḵ; Arabic: إدريس‎ ʼIdrīs) appears in the Book of Genesis and a figure in the Generations of Adam.
‎Enoch in the Book of Genesis - ‎Enoch in Judaism - ‎Enoch in Christianity
Medieval Rabbinical Judaism
Some New Age cults devoted to angelology

Feast
July 30

Enoch (Hebrew: חֲנוֹךְ, Modern H̱anokh Tiberian Ḥănōḵ; Arabic: إدريس‎ ʼIdrīs) appears in the Book of Genesis and a figure in the Generations of Adam. Enoch is the son of Jared (Gen 5:3-18), the father of Methuselah, and the great-grandfather of Noah. The text reads—uniquely in the Generations—that Enoch "walked with God: and he was no more; for God took him", (Gen 5:22-29). The Christian New Testament also has three references to Enoch (Luke 3:37, Hebrews 11: 5, Epistle of Jude 1:14–15).

Enoch in the Book of Genesis[edit]

 

This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research may be removed. (October 2013)

Enoch appears in the Book of Genesis of the Pentateuch as the seventh of the ten pre-Deluge Patriarchs. Genesis recounts that each of the pre-Flood Patriarchs lives for several centuries, has a son, lives more centuries, and then dies. The exception is Enoch, who does not experience death "for God took him." Furthermore, Gen 5:22-29 states that Enoch lived 365 years which is extremely short in the context of his peers. The brief account of Enoch in Genesis 5 ends with the note that he "was no more" and that "God took him."

Apocryphal Books of Enoch[edit]

Three extensive apocryphal works are attributed to Enoch:
1st Book of Enoch, or simply the Book of Enoch, an apocryphal book in the Ethiopic Bible that is usually dated between the third century BCE and the first century CE.
2nd Book of Enoch, an apocryphal book in the Old Slavonic Bible usually dated to the first century CE.
3rd Book of Enoch, a Rabbinic text in Hebrew usually dated to the fifth century CE.

These recount how Enoch is taken up to Heaven and is appointed guardian of all the celestial treasures, chief of the archangels, and the immediate attendant on God's throne. He is subsequently taught all secrets and mysteries and, with all the angels at his back, fulfils of his own accord whatever comes out of the mouth of God, executing His decrees. Much esoteric literature like the 3rd Book of Enoch identifies Enoch as the Metatron, the angel which communicates God's word. In consequence, Enoch was seen, by this literature, and the Rabbinic kabbala of Jewish mysticism, as having been the one which communicated God's revelation to Moses, in particular, the dictator of the Book of Jubilees.

Enoch in classical Rabbinical literature[edit]

In classical Rabbinical literature, there are various views of Enoch. A prevailing[citation needed] view regarding Enoch was that of Targum Pseudo-Jonathan, which thought of Enoch as a pious man, taken to Heaven, and receiving the title of Safra rabba (Great scribe).

However, after Christendom was completely separated from Judaism, the Jewish view of Enoch was he was the only pious man of his time and was taken away before he would become corrupted.[2]

According to Rashi[3] [from Genesis Rabba[4]], “Enoch was a righteous man, but he could easily be swayed to return to do evil. Therefore, the Holy One, blessed be He, hastened and took him away and caused him to die before his time. For this reason, Scripture changed [the wording] in [the account of] his demise and wrote, ‘and he was no longer’ in the world to complete his years.”

Among the minor Midrashim, esoteric attributes of Enoch are expanded upon. In the Sefer Hekalot, Rabbi Ishmael is described as having visited the 7th Heaven, where he meets Enoch, who claims that earth had, in his time, been corrupted by the demons Shammazai, and Azazel, and so Enoch was taken to Heaven to prove that God was not cruel. Similar traditions are recorded in Sirach. Later elaborations of this interpretation treated Enoch as having been a pious ascetic, who, called to mix with others, preached repentance, and gathered (despite the small number of people on Earth) a vast collection of disciples, to the extent that he was proclaimed king. Under his wisdom, peace is said to have reigned on earth, to the extent that he is summoned to Heaven to rule over the sons of God. In a parallel with Elijah, in sight of a vast crowd begging him to stay, he ascends to Heaven on a horse.

Enoch in Christianity[edit]

Septuagint[edit]

The third-century translators who produced the Greek Septuagint rendered the phrase "God took him" with the Greek verb metatithemi (μετατίθημι)[5] meaning moving from one place to another.[6] The apocryphal Sirach 44:16, from about the same period, states that "Enoch pleased God and was translated into paradise that he may give repentance to the nations." The Greek word used here for paradise, 'paradeisos' (παραδεισος), was derived from an ancient Persian word meaning "enclosed garden",[citation needed] and was used in the Septuagint to describe the Garden of Eden. Later, however, the term became synonymous for heaven, as is the case here.[citation needed]

New Testament[edit]

The New Testament contains three references to Enoch.
The first is a brief mention in one of the genealogies of the ancestors of Jesus by Luke (Luke 3:37).
The second mention is in Hebrews 11: 5 (KJV) it says "By faith Enoch was translated that he should not see death; and was not found, because God had translated him: for before his translation he had this testimony, that he pleased God." suggesting he did not experience the mortal death ascribed to Adam's other descendants and that he is still alive to this very day.
The third mention is in the Epistle of Jude (1:14-15) where the author attributes to "Enoch, the Seventh from Adam" a passage unknown in the Old Testament. The quotation is believed by most modern scholars to be taken from 1 Enoch 1:9 which exists in Greek, in Ethiopic, as part of the Ethiopian Orthodox canon, and also in Aramaic among the Dead Sea Scrolls.[7][8] Though the same scholars recognise that 1 Enoch 1:9 itself is a midrash of the words of Moses "he came from the ten thousands of holy ones" from Deuteronomy 33:2.[9][10][11][12][13] The introductory phrase "Enoch, the Seventh from Adam" is also found in 1 Enoch (1 En. 60:8), though not in the Old Testament.[14] In the New Testament this Enoch prophesies "to"[15] ungodly men, that God shall come with His holy ones to judge and convict them (Jude 1:14-15).[16]

Early Christianity[edit]

Early Christianity contains various traditions concerning the "translation" of Enoch.

Regarding the quotation in Jude, most of early Christianity considered it an independent quotation pre-dating the flood. Regarding the Book of Enoch itself Origen, Jerome and Augustin mention it, but as of no authority. Justin, Athenagoras, Irenaeus, Clemens Alexandrinus, Lactantius, and others borrowed an opinion out of this book of Enoch, that the angels had connection with the daughters of men, of whom they had offspring ('the giants of the past'). Tertullian, in several places, speaks of this book with esteem; and would persuade us, that it was preserved by Noah during the deluge.

Elijah and Enoch - seventeenth-century icon, Historic Museum in Sanok, Poland
Medieval and Reformation[edit]

According to the Figurists (a group of Jesuit missionaries mainly led by Joachim Bouvet into China at the end of the seventeenth and the beginning of the eighteenth century and based on ideas of Matteo Ricci 1552 to 1610),[17][18][19] Fu Xi in China's ancient history is actually Enoch.[20][21][22]

Modern Christianity[edit]

Enoch is not counted as a saint in Roman Catholic tradition, though Enoch has a saints day, July 26, in the Armenian Apostolic Church. The "St. Enoch" in the place name St. Enoch's Square, Glasgow, is a corruption from the site of a medieval chapel to Saint Teneu, the legendary mother of Saint Mungo, and unconnected with Enoch.

Enoch is revered in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, and the Enochic texts Jubilees and 1 Enoch regarded as the 13th and 14th books, respectively, of the Tewahedo Old Testament canon.[23] Most churches, including the Catholic, Greek Orthodox, and Protestant churches, do not accept the books.

Some Evangelical commentators consider Enoch to be one of the Two Witnesses in the Book of Revelation due to the fact that he did not die according to Genesis 5:24. Two televangelists holding this view, for example, are Pastor John Hagee of Christians United for Israel and Hebrew Roots Bible teacher Perry Stone.

In LDS theology[edit]

Among the Latter Day Saint movement and particularly in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Enoch is viewed as having founded an exceptionally righteous city, named Zion, in the midst of an otherwise wicked world. This view is encountered in the Mormon scripture (see Standard Works), the Pearl of Great Price and the Doctrine and Covenants, which states that not only Enoch, but the entire peoples of the city of Zion, were taken off this earth without death, because of their piety. (Zion is defined as "the pure in heart" and this city of Zion will return to the earth at the Second Coming of Jesus Christ.) The Doctrine and Covenants further states that Enoch prophesied that one of his descendants, Noah, and his family, would survive a Great Flood and thus carry on the human race and preserve the Gospel. The Book of Moses in the Pearl of Great Price has several chapters that give an account of Enoch's preaching, visions and conversations with God. In these same chapters are details concerning the wars, violence and natural disasters in Enoch's day, and notable miracles performed by Enoch. The Book of Moses is itself an excerpt from Joseph Smith's translation of the Bible, which is published in full, complete with these chapters concerning Enoch, by Community of Christ, as the Holy Scriptures/Inspired Version of the Bible, where it appears as part of the Book of Genesis. D&C 104:24 (CofC) / 107:48-49 (LDS) states that Adam ordained Enoch to the higher priesthood (now called the Melchizedek, after the great high priest) at age 25, that he was 65 when Adam blessed him, and he lived 365 years after that until he was translated, so making him 430 years old when that occurred.

Additionally in LDS theology, Enoch is implied to be the scribe who recorded Adam's blessings and prophecies at Adam-ondi-Ahman, as recorded in D&C 107:53-57 (LDS) / D&C 104:29b (CofC).

Enoch in Islam[edit]

Main article: Idris (Islamic Prophet)

In the Quran, Enoch is sometimes identified with Idris, as for example by the History of Al-Tabari and the Meadows of Gold.[24] The Quran contains two references to Idris; in Surah Al-Anbiya (The Prophets) verse number 85, and in Surah Maryam (Mary) verses 56-57:
(The Prophets, 21:85): "And the same blessing was bestowed upon Ismail and Idris and Zul-Kifl, because they all practised fortitude."
(Mary 19:56-57): "And remember Idris in the Book; he was indeed very truthful, a Prophet. And We lifted him to a lofty station".

Idris is closely linked in Muslim tradition with the origin of writing and other technical arts of civilization,[25] including the study of astronomical phenomena, both of which Enoch is credited with in the Testament of Abraham.[26] Nonetheless, even aside from the identification of Idris and Enoch, many Muslims still honor Enoch as one of the earliest prophets, regardless of whether they equate him with Idris or not.[27] Thus, views on Enoch are divided into two groups:
The first believes that Enoch and Idris are one and the same.
The second believes that Enoch and Idris are two different prophets.

 

Book of Enoch - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Enoch‎

The Book of Enoch (also 1 Enoch) is an ancient Jewish religious work, traditionally ascribed to Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah. It is not part of the biblical ...

Book of Enoch

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

For other writings attributed to Enoch, see Book of Enoch (disambiguation).

The Book of Enoch (also 1 Enoch[1]) is an ancient Jewish religious work, traditionally ascribed to Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah. It is not part of the biblical canon as used by Jews, apart from Beta Israel. It is regarded as canonical by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church, but no other Christian group.

The older sections (mainly in the Book of the Watchers) are estimated to date from about 300 BC, and the latest part (Book of Parables) probably was composed at the end of the 1st century BC.[2]

It is wholly extant only in the Ge'ez language, with Aramaic fragments from the Dead Sea Scrolls and a few Greek and Latin fragments. For this and other reasons, the traditional Ethiopian view is that the original language of the work was Ge'ez, whereas non-Ethiopian scholars tend to assert that it was first written in either Aramaic or Hebrew; E. Isaac suggests that the Book of Enoch, like the Book of Daniel, was composed partially in Aramaic and partially in Hebrew.[3]:6

The authors of the New Testament were familiar with the content of the story and influenced by it:[4] a short section of 1 Enoch (1 En 1:9) is quoted in the New Testament (Letter of Jude 1:14–15), and is there attributed to "Enoch the Seventh from Adam" (1 En 60:8).
Content[edit]

The first part of the Book of Enoch describes the fall of the Watchers, the angels who fathered the Nephilim. The remainder of the book describes Enoch's visits to heaven in the form of travels, visions and dreams, and his revelations.

The book consists of five quite distinct major sections (see each section for details):
The Book of the Watchers (1 Enoch 1–36)
The Book of Parables of Enoch (1 Enoch 37–71) (also called the Similitudes of Enoch)
The Astronomical Book (1 Enoch 72–82) (also called the Book of the Heavenly Luminaries or Book of Luminaries)
The Book of Dream Visions (1 Enoch 83–90) (also called the Book of Dreams)
The Epistle of Enoch (1 Enoch 91–108)

Most scholars share the view[5] that these five sections were originally independent works (with different dates of composition), themselves a product of much editorial arrangement, and were only later redacted into what we now call 1 Enoch.

Józef Milik has suggested that the Book of Giants found among the Dead Sea Scrolls should be part of the collection, appearing after the Book of Watchers in place of the Book of Parables, but for various reasons, Milik's theory has not been widely accepted.[citation needed]

Canonicity[edit]

Judaism[edit]

Although evidently widely known during the Development of the Hebrew Bible canon, 1 Enoch was excluded from both the formal canon of the Tanakh and the typical canon of the Septuagint and therefore, also the writings known today as the Deuterocanon.[6][7] One possible reason for Jewish rejection of the book might be the textual nature of several early sections of the book that make use of material from the Torah; for example, 1 En 1 is a midrash of Deuteronomy 33.[8][9] The content, particularly detailed descriptions of fallen angels, would also be a reason for rejection from the Hebrew canon at this period – as illustrated by the comments of Trypho the Jew when debating with Justin Martyr on this subject. Trypho: "The utterances of God are holy, but your expositions are mere contrivances, as is plain from what has been explained by you; nay, even blasphemies, for you assert that angels sinned and revolted from God." (Dialogue 79) [10]

Christianity[edit]

References in the New Testament[edit]

Enoch is referred to as an historical person and prophet, and quoted, in Jude 1:14–15:
"And Enoch also, the seventh from Adam, prophesied of these, saying, Behold, the Lord cometh with ten thousands of his saints, To execute judgment upon all, and to convince all that are ungodly among them of all their ungodly deeds which they have ungodly committed, and of all their hard speeches which ungodly sinners have spoken against him."
Compare this with Enoch 1:9, translated from the Ethiopic (found also in Qumran scroll 4Q204=4QEnochc ar, col I 16–18):[11]
"And behold! He cometh with ten thousands of His holy ones To execute judgment upon all, And to destroy all the ungodly: And to convict all flesh Of all the works of their ungodliness which they have ungodly committed, And of all the hard things which ungodly sinners have spoken against Him."
Compare this also with what may be the original source of 1 En 1:9 in Deuteronomy 33:2:[12][13][14]
"The Lord came from Sinai and dawned from Seir upon us; he shone forth from Mount Paran; he came from the ten thousands of holy ones, with flaming fire at his right hand."
Under the heading of canonicity, it is not enough to merely demonstrate that something is quoted. Instead, it is necessary to demonstrate the nature of the quotation.[15] In the case of the Jude 14 quotation of 1 Enoch 1:9, it would be difficult to argue that Jude does not quote Enoch as an historical prophet since he cites Enoch by name. However, there remains a question as to whether the author of Jude attributed the quotation believing the source to be the historical Enoch before the flood or a midrash of Deut 33:2–3.[16][17][18] The Greek text is also unusual in stating that "Enoch the Seventh from Adam" prophesied "to" (dative case) not "of" (genitive case) the men.[19][improper synthesis?]

Peter H. Davids points to Dead Sea Scrolls evidence but leaves it open as to whether Jude viewed 1 Enoch as canon, deuterocanon, or otherwise: "Did Jude, then, consider this scripture to be like Genesis or Isaiah? Certainly he did consider it authoritative, a true word from God. We cannot tell whether he ranked it alongside other prophetic books such as Isaiah and Jeremiah. What we do know is, first, that other Jewish groups, most notably those living in Qumran near the Dead Sea, also used and valued 1 Enoch, but we do not find it grouped with the scriptural scrolls."[20]

The attribution "Enoch the Seventh from Adam" is apparently itself a section heading taken from 1 Enoch (1 En 60:8, Jude 1:14a) and not from Genesis.[21]

Also II Peter 2:4-5 and I Peter 3:19-20 made reference to some Enochian material.[22]

Reception[edit]

The Book of Enoch was considered as Scripture in the Epistle of Barnabas (16:4)[23] and by many of the early Church Fathers, such as Athenagoras,[24] Clement of Alexandria,[25] Irenaeus[26] and Tertullian,[27] who wrote c. 200 that the Book of Enoch had been rejected by the Jews because it contained prophecies pertaining to Christ.[28] However, later Fathers denied the canonicity of the book, and some even considered the letter of Jude uncanonical because it refers to an "apocryphal" work.[29]

By the 4th century, the Book of Enoch was mostly excluded from Christian canons, and it is now regarded as scripture by only the Ethiopian Orthodox Church and the Eritrean Orthodox Church.

Ethiopic Orthodox Church[edit]

This subsection contains Ethiopic text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Ethiopic characters.

The traditional view of the Ethiopic Orthodox Church, which reckons 1 Enoch as an inspired document, is that the Ethiopic text is the original one, written by Enoch himself. In their view, the following opening sentence of Enoch is the first and oldest sentence written in any human language, since Enoch was the first to write letters:
"ቃለ፡ በረከት፡ ዘሄኖክ፡ ዘከመ፡ ባረከ፡ ኅሩያነ፡ ወጻድቃነ፡ እለ፡ ሀለው፡ ይኩኑ""በዕለተ፡ ምንዳቤ፡ ለአሰስሎ፡ ኲሉ፡ እኩያን፡ ወረሲዓን።""Qāla barakat za-Hēnōk zakama bārraka ḫirūyāna wa-ṣādqāna 'ila halaw yikūnū baʿilata mindābē la'asaslō kʷilū 'ikūyān wa-rasīʿān" "Word of blessing of Henok, wherewith he blessed the chosen and righteous who would be alive in the day of tribulation for the removal of all wrongdoers and backsliders."
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints[edit]

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) does not consider the Book of Enoch to be part of its standard canon, though it is believed that the original Book of Enoch was an inspired book.[30] The Book of Moses, found within the scriptural canon of the LDS Church, has several similarities to the Book of Enoch,[31] including names[32] that have been found in some versions of the Book of Enoch, and is believed by the Church to contain extracts from "the ministry, teachings, and visions of Enoch".[33][34][35]

 

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9
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-
-
-
14
9
-
-
+
=
23
2+3
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1
-
-
5
3
+
=
13
1+3
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
-
4
1
-
-
5
12
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1
14
9
5
12
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
-
4
1
5
9
5
3
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
TWO
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
2
=
10
1+0
1
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
SIX
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
SEVEN
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
EIGHT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
=
9
23
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
22
-
-
6
-
27
-
18
2+3
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
2+2
-
-
-
-
2+7
-
1+8
5
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
9
-
9
-
-
4
1
5
9
5
3
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
9
-
9

 

 

6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
=
-
5
9
-
-
+
=
14
1+4
=
5
=
5
=
5
-
-
-
14
9
-
-
+
=
23
2+3
=
5
=
5
=
5
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1
-
-
5
3
+
=
13
1+3
=
4
=
4
=
4
-
4
1
-
-
5
12
+
=
22
2+2
=
4
=
4
=
4
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
1
14
9
5
12
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
=
9
=
9
-
4
1
5
9
5
3
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
=
9
=
9
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
=
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
=
3
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
=
4
-
-
-
5
-
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
2
=
10
1+0
1
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
=
9
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
22
-
-
6
-
27
-
18
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
2+2
-
-
-
-
2+7
-
1+8
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
9
-
9
-
4
1
5
9
5
3
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
D
A
N
I
E
L
-
-
4
-
-
6
-
9
-
9

 

 

-
MEDINET HABU
-
-
-
2
M+E
18
18
9
3
D+I+N
27
18
9
5
E+T+H+A+B
36
18
9
1
U
21
12
3
11
MEDINET HABU
-
-
-

 

 

-
MEDINET HABU
-
-
-
2
M+E
18
18
9
1
D
4
4
4
1
I
9
9
9
1
N
14
5
5
2
E+T
25
7
7
2
H+A
9
9
9
2
B+U
23
5
5
11
MEDINET HABU
102
48
48
1+1
-
1+0+2
4+8
4+8
2
MEDINET HABU
3
12
12
-
-
-
1+2
1+2
2
MEDINET HABU
3
3
3

 

 

-
OSIRIS SOKAR
-
-
-
6
OSIRIS
89
35
8
5
SOKAR
64
19
1
11
OSIRIS SOKAR
153
65
9
1+1
-
1+5+3
6+5
-
2
OSIRIS SOKAR
9
9
9

 

 

-
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
+
=
8
-
=
8
-
8
-
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
7
2
1
-
+
=
10
1+0
=
1
-
1
-
-
16
20
1
-
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
-
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
16
20
1
8
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
9
-
-
7
2
1
8
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
-
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
27
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
18
-``
-
4
-
18
2+7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
-
-
1+8
9
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
9
-``
-
4
-
9

 

 

4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
+
=
8
-
=
8
-
8
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
7
2
1
-
+
=
10
1+0
=
1
-
1
-
16
20
1
-
+
=
37
3+7
=
10
1+0
1
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
16
20
1
8
+
=
45
4+5
=
9
-
9
-
7
2
1
8
+
=
18
1+8
=
9
-
9
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
1
occurs
x
1
=
1
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
7
occurs
x
1
=
7
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
8
occurs
x
1
=
8
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
18
-``
-
4
-
18
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+8
-
-
-
-
1+8
4
P
T
A
H
-
-
9
-``
-
4
-
9

 

 

-
ATUM
-
-
-
1
A
1
1
1
3
MUT
54
9
9
4
MUTA
55
10
10
-
-
5+5
1+0
1+0
4
ATUM
10
1
1
-
-
1+0
-
-
4
ATUM
1
1
1

 

 

-
3
M
U
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
-
13
21
20
+
=
54
5+4
=
9
-
9
-
-
4
3
2
+
=
9
-
=
9
-
9
-
3
M
U
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
36
3
M
U
T
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9
3+6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
3
M
U
T
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9

 

 

3
M
U
T
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
-
-
13
21
20
+
=
54
5+4
=
9
-
9
-
4
3
2
+
=
9
-
=
9
-
9
3
M
U
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
2
occurs
x
1
=
2
-
-
3
-
-
-
3
occurs
x
1
=
3
-
4
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
3
M
U
T
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
M
U
T
-
-
9
-
-
3
-
9

 

 

R
=
9
8
RAMESSES
99
27
9

 

 

RAMESSES

Egypt's Greatest Pharaoh

Joyce Tyldesley 2000

Page xxvi

"The Egyptians wrote their hieroglyphic texts without vowels, using consonants not found in our modem alphabet. In consequence, although we can read and understand the ancient writings we cannot be certain of the correct pronunciation of any word or name. This explains why different authors refer to the same individual by seemingly different names. Ramesses II, for example, variously appears in print as Ramesses, Ramses, Ramesse and Remeses while Queen Nefertari occasionally occurs as Nofretari. Throughout this book the most simple ,and widely accepted version of each proper name has been used with Ramesses preferred to the increasingly popular Ramses as the former most accurately represents the original Egyptian name. I follow current convention in using the words king and pharaoh interchangeably."

Page 1

1

Introducing Ramesses

"Some of Egypt's kings and queens have emerged from the obscurity of the tomb in sudden and spectacular fashion. The decoding of hieroglyphics, a tantalizing mystery until 1822, revealed the unexpected existence of the two aberrant New Kingdom pharaohs Hatchepsut and Akhenaten. The 1912 recovery of a magnificent portrait head from the ruined city of Amarna brought the beautiful Queen Nefertiti back to life, Above all, the unparalleled 1922 discovery of a virtually intact royal tomb in the Valley of the Kings allowed the hitherto insignificant boy-king Tutankha-men to triumph over death. Ramesses II, however, has never been in need of such a renaissance. Over the three millennia that have passed since his reign, his name - albeit in a distorted form - has never been forgotten.
Sixty-six relatively peaceful years on the throne had allowed Ramesses ample opportunity for self-promotion. By the time of his death in 1213 BC his monuments and image were to be found in every comer of his realm, The name of Ramesses was known and respected throughout the varied but inter-related kingdoms which made up what archaeologists now term the' Ancient World' - a wide circle of states encompassing Northern Turkey, Iran, Central Africa, Libya and the Balkans and extending as far west as Italy and even Spain. Within Egypt the highly efficient royal propaganda machine had elevated Ramesses to the status of living legend with divine attributes. In Nubia, Ramesses had already become a fully fledged god. A fortunate combination of circumstances - optimal Nile floods leading to good harvests, international stability and, of course, the extraordinary longevity which caused Ramesses to outlive not only his contemporaries but many of his children and grandchildren - had allowed Egypt to enjoy a continuity of government which was the envy of her neighbours. Whether by good luck or good management, Egypt flourished under Ramesses, and her people were grateful"

Page 34

A NEW BEGINNING: LIFE BEFORE RAMESSES

"Quietly and effectively, Horemheb laid the foundations for a renewed Egyptian prosperity whilst systematically erasing all trace of the unorthodox Amama period. This is generally regarded as an impersonal, political cleansing rather than a frenzied hate campaign; we have little evidence to suggest that Horemheb bore a personal grudge against Akhenaten and his god, although the dismantling and subsequent reconstruction, upside-down and mutilated, of Queen Nefertiti' s Theban Ben-ben temple within his own Karnak gateway hints at more complex feelings towards his sister-in-law. Could Horemheb's apparent dislike of Nefertiti have stemmed from his bad relationship with her daughter Ankhesenamen? Ultimately, however, Horemheb was too closely identified with the economic and military decline which ended the 18th Dynasty to escape entirely from the Amama shadow. Manetho chose to classify Horemheb, whom he knew as Oros, as the last king of the ailing 18th Dynasty and it was Horemheb's protege and successor, Ramesses I, a man with no personal links with the Amarna period, who was to be celebrated as the founder of the 19th.
Like his three immediate predecessors Horemheb had no son to follow him on to the throne and he too looked to the army for an heir, a sensible decision which would ensure that his successor would enjoy the full support of the military. Horemheb selected an ex-officer turned adminis­trator called Paramessu, or Ramesses, son of the Commander of Troops Seti. This Ramesses, a near-contemporary of Horemheb, had proved his / Page 35 / abilities through many years of loyal service, first as a soldier where he rose to the position of General, and then as one of Egypt's two Viziers. In many ways his career mirrored that of Horemheb before him, but there was one important difference: Ramesses and his wife Sitre already had a living son and a living grandson, and therefore had the potential to found a dynasty. When Ramesses died after less than two years as king, Horemheb's judgement was vindicated. The throne passed smoothly to Ramesses' son Seti and Egypt was spared the doubts and uncertainties that had plagued her immediate past. Meanwhile, it now fell to Ramesses to bury Horemheb."

 

 

8
RAMESSES
-
-
-
-
R
18
9
9
-
A
1
1
1
-
M+E
18
9
9
-
S+S+E+S
62
35
8
8
RAMESSES
99
54
27
-
-
9+9
5+4
2+7
8
RAMESSES
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
8
RAMESSES
9
9
9

 

 

8
RAMESSES
-
-
-
-
R+A
19
10
1
-
M+E+S+S+E+S
80
44
8
8
RAMESSES
99
54
9
-
-
9+9
5+4
-
8
RAMESSES
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
8
RAMESSES
9
9
9

 

 

8
RAMESSES
-
-
-
-
R
18
9
9
-
A+M+E+S+S+E+S
81
18
9
8
RAMESSES
99
27
18
-
-
9+9
2+7
1+8
8
RAMESSES
18
9
9
-
-
1+8
-
-
8
RAMESSES
9
9
9

 

Page 2

"Ramesses III was followed by his son, Ramesses IV, another Ramesses a wannabe', and then by a further six called Ramesses, a jumbled mixture of fathers sons, uncles and nephews all descended from Ramesses III :and all 'attempting to emulate the great Ramesses II"

Page 2

" Meanwhile the cult of the divine RAMESSES as a living god, continued to flourish."

 

 

Ramesses - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramesses

Ramesses also commonly spelled Rameses or Ramses is the name conventionally given in English transliteration to 11 Egyptian pharaohs of the later New ...
‎Ramesses II - ‎Ramesses I - ‎Ramesses III - ‎Ramesses XI

Ramesses

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ramesses
in hieroglyphs

Ramesses (/ˈræməsiːz/) — also commonly spelled Rameses or Ramses (/ˈræmsiːz/) — is the name conventionally given in English transliteration to 11 Egyptian pharaohs of the later New Kingdom period. The name Ramesses means "Ra [is] the one who gave birth [to] him".

Variants of the name include Ramose and Paramessu; these various spellings could be used to refer to the same person.[1]
19th DynastyRamesses I: founder of the 19th Dynasty
Ramesses II ("the Great")
20th Dynasty Ramesses III: adversary of the Sea Peoples
Ramesses IV
Ramesses V
Ramesses VI
Ramesses VII
Ramesses VIII
Ramesses IX
Ramesses X
Ramesses XI

 

8

RAMESSES
I
1293-1291
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES
II
1279-1212
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

III
1182-1151
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

IV
1151-1145
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

V
1145-1141
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

VI
1141-1133
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

VII
1133-1126
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

VIII
1133-1126
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

IX
1126-1108
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

X
1108-1098
99
27
9

8

RAMESSES

XI
1098-1070
99
27
9

 

 

N
=
5
9
NEFERTARI
96
51
6
R
=
9
8
RAMESSES
99
27
9

 

 

-
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
-
1
+
=
3
-
=
3
-
3
-
3
-
`-
-
-
-
-
19
19
-
19
+
=
57
5+7
=
12
1+2
3
-
3
-
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
1
4
5
-
-
5
-
+
=
24
2+4
=
6
-
6
-
6
-
`-
18
1
13
5
-
-
5
-
+
=
42
4+2
=
6
-
6
-
6
-
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
`-
18
1
13
5
19
19
5
19
+
=
99
9+9
=
18
1+8
9
-
9
-
-
9
1
4
5
1
1
5
1
+
=
27
2+7
=
9
-
9
-
9
-
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
T
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
--
-
1
-
-
1
1
-
1
-
-
1
occurs
x
4
=
4
-
4
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
occurs
x
1
=
4
-
4
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
-
5
-
-
-
5
occurs
x
2
=
10
1+0
1
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
--
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
occurs
x
1
=
9
-
9
26
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
19
-
-
8
-
27
-
18
2+6
-
9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+9
-
-
-
-
2+7
-
1+8
8
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
10
-
-
8
-
9
-
9
-
-
9
1
4
5
1
1
5
1
-
-
1+0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
8
R
A
M
E
S
S
E
S
-
-
1
-
-
8
-
9
9
9

 

 

Page 88

"The LUXOR TEMPLE, dedicated to AMEN in th form of the ithyphallic god MIN"

 

-
MIN
-
-
-
-
M
13
4
4
-
I
9
9
9
-
N
14
5
5
3
MIN
36
18
18
-
-
3+6
1+8
1+8
3
MIN
9
9
9

 

 

R
=
9
3
RED
27
18
9
H
=
8
4
HAIR
36
27
9
-
-
17
7
-
63
45
18
-
-
1+7
-
-
6+3
4+5
1+8
-
-
8
7
-
9
9
9

 

 

P
=
7
-
-
PTOLEMY
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
P+T
36
9
9
-
-
-
-
2
O+L
27
9
9
-
-
-
-
2
E+M
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
1
Y
25
7
7
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
34
-
-
-
-
-
-
9+5
3+4
3+4
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7

 


Ptolemy

ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/NatSci102/lectures/ptolemy.htm

Ptolemy. lived around 150 AD, and elaborated the geocentric (earth-centered) model of the ... Ptolemy's epigram, from the

 

Well do I know that I am mortal, a creature of one day.
But if my mind follows the winding paths of the stars
Then my feet no longer rest on earth, but standing by
Zeus himself I take my fill of ambrosia, the divine dish.

- Ptolemy's epigram, from the Almagest, probably written by himself

 

 

P
=
7
-
-
PTOLEMY
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
P
16
7
7
-
-
-
-
1
T
20
2
2
-
-
-
-
1
O
15
6
6
-
-
-
-
1
L
12
3
3
-
-
-
-
1
E
5
5
5
-
-
-
-
1
M
13
4
4
-
-
-
-
1
Y
25
7
7
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
34
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0+6
3+4
3+4
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7

 

 

Ptolemies - Livius

www.livius.org › index › ancient Greece › ancient Egypt

This marked the beginning of Egypt's independence under a new dynasty, the Ptolemies (or Lagids). Ptolemy accepted the royal title in 306.

In 332, the Macedonian king Alexander the Great conquered Egypt and gave a new capital to the old kingdom along the Nile, Alexandria. After his death (11 June 323), his friend Ptolemy became satrap of Egypt, and started to behave himself rather independently. When Perdiccas, the regent of Alexander's mentally unfit successor Philip Arridaeus arrived in 320, he was defeated. This marked the beginning of Egypt's independence under a new dynasty, the Ptolemies (or Lagids). Ptolemy accepted the royal title in 306.

The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy and are numbered by modern historians I to XV (Ptolemy VII never reigned). A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), who rose to power when their sons or brothers were too young. This was almost unique in Antiquity. Another intriguing aspect was the willingness of the Ptolemies to present themselves to the Egyptians as native pharaohs (cf. the pictures below, some of which are in Egyptian style). This was less unique: the Seleucid dynasty that reigned the Asian parts of Alexander's empire did the same.

"A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), "

The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy

 

P
=
7
-
-
PTOLEMY
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
P+T
36
9
9
-
-
-
-
2
O+L
27
9
9
-
-
-
-
2
E+M
18
9
9
-
-
-
-
1
Y
25
7
7
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
34
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0+6
3+4
3+4
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
7
7
7

 

The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy

1
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
12
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
13
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
14
-
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1484
476
238
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+4+8+4
4+7+6
2+3+8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
17
17
17
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+7
1+7
1+7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
8
8
8

 

 

"A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), "

 

1
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
5
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
-
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
637
259
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
6+3+7
2+5+9
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
16
16
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+6
1+6
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
7
7
7

 

 

"A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), "

1
-
B
=
2
-
8
BERENICE
61
43
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2
-
B
=
2
-
8
BERENICE
61
43
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3
-
B
=
2
-
8
BERENICE
61
43
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
B
=
2
-
8
BERENICE
61
43
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
244
172
28
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
2+4+4
1+7+2
2+8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
10
10
10
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1+0
1+0
1+0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1
1
1

 

 

B
=
2
-
8
BERENICE
61
43
7
P
=
7
-
7
PTOLEMY
106
34
7
C
=
3
-
9
CLEOPATRA
91
37
1

 

 

 

 

 
 
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